????1?????????
????????????
???????????????????????INTERNET????????????????IP?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????IP?????????????????????????????????
??????????
????IP??????????????????????????????????????????INTERNET???д???? ???????????????IP??????????IP???????????????? ??
????????????
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????п??????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????ssh???????????????????
????2??????/etc/host??????????IP???????
????Hosts - The static table lookup for host name?????????????????
?????????
????hosts?????Linux??????????? IP???????????????? ???????
?????洢??
??????ASCII????????? “/etc”???? ????????“hosts”???????linux?汾?????????????????????????Debian?????????/etc/hostname????
?????????
????hosts??? ???? ?? IP?????????????????? ?????????????????????
?????????
?????????????????????????￡??????????????????????????????????????????????????IP???????????????DNS?????????????????????????????????IP?????????hosts????У???????????????
????3???????
????????? ?? dns???? > hosts > dns????
????4??????hosts???
??????????????????????ip?????????????????????????????linux??????????????????????????????INTERNET????????????????IP?????????????????????????????ip??????????IP????????????????????????????????????????У???????????????????????????????????????????????
????Linux????????????????????/etc/hosts;?????????????????Щ?????????Щip????Щ???????????Щip??
????????????????????????
????192.168.1.100 linumu100 test100
????????192.168.1.100??????????????????????????http://linumu100??http://test100???192.168.1.100???????
???????????????????????????????ip??????????
????127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
???????????????????web??????????????????????????????????????localhost????????????????????????????????127.0.0.1????????????
????5???????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????hosts????н????????ò???????????????????
??????hosts????У?????????????????????
????127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
????127.0.0.1   localhost.localdomain localhost
????192.168.1.195  debian.localdomain debian
????????????hosts???????????????(Hostname)????壬??????????????????????????????????????????????? #?? ???????????????? ??? ????????????????????
????hosts????????
????ip??? ??????/???? (????????)
????????????????IP?????
??????????????????????????
?????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????IP????????????????? 192.168.1.100 linmu100??
??????????(hostname)??????(Domain????????
?????????????????????????????hosts??????????????????????ip??
?????????????internet??????????????????????internet???????????????????????hosts????????????????????????
????6??hosts????????
????6.1 ????????linux????????????
?????????????????????linux??????????ε??????????????????????????????????linux????????????????????ip???????linux??????hosts???????????????ip????????????????????linux?????
?????????????????????????????ssh??????????mysql????????????????????????
????6.2 ???????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????ip??????????hosts?????????????ip??????????
????7???????????
???????????????????????ù??????hostname
????hostname - show or set the system’s host name
???????????????
????# hostname
????zhengcanrui
????????????????????zhengcanrui???????????????????????????????????
???????????????????
????# hostname test100
????# hostname ????????????
????test100
???????hostname ??????????????????????????′????????????????????????????
???????????IP??
????# hostname -i
????192.168.1.100