????????????????
????1??compress [-rcv] ???????  <==???
????uncompress ???.Z   <==?????
????-r:??????????μ??????????????
????-c:??????????????standard output????????????
????-v:????????????????????????????????е??Щ??????仯
????????????????????????
????2??gzip [-cdtv#]  ?????
????-c:????????????????????????????????????????????
????-d:??????????
????-t:?????????????????????????????????????д???
????-v:????????????????
????-#:????????-1??????????-9?????????????????????-6
?????:????????￡????????????????????????????-c??>??????????gzip -c  man.config > man.config.gz ??????????????
????zcat ?????.gz  ???.gz????????????????????????????
????3??bzip2 [-cdkzv#] ?????
????-c:??????????в???????????????????
????-d:??????????
????-k:????????
????-z:????????
????-v:????????????
????-#:?gzip
????bzcat ?????.bz2 ???.bz2?????
????????????????bunzip2??????bzip2 -d
????4?????????tar (???????????????????????????????????????????gzip/bzip2????????????????????)
????tar [-j|-z] [cv] [-f ??????????] filename...  <==????????
????tar [-j|-z] [tv] [-f ??????????]     <==???????
????tar [-j|-z] [xv] [-f ??????????] [-C ??]    <==?????
????-c:????????????????-v?????????б???????????
????-t:??????????????????Щ??????????????????
????-x:???????????????????????-C?????????????-c??-t??-x???????????????????У?
????-j:???bzip2???????????/??????????????????*.tar.bz2
????-z:???gzip???????????/????????????????????*.tar.gz
????-v:?????/???????????У???????????????????????
????-f filename:-f????????????????
????-C??:?????????????????????????????????н????
????-p:????????????????????????
????-P:????·??????????????????к??и???
????--exclude=file:???????????в????file???
????--newer-mtime='date':?????±?date?????????μ????
????????????????
????1??dump???????????????????????????????????????????????
????dump [-Suvj] [-level] [-f???????] ???????????
????-S?????г??????????????????????????????????????
????-u:?????dump?????????/etc/dumpdates?????
????-v:??dump????????????????
????-j:????bzip2????????????????????????????????2
????-level:??????????
????-f:?????????????
????-W:l?г???/etc/fstab????????dump????????????б???
??????????????????????????????????????????????
??????1?????е???????????????????????
??????2??????????leve 0??????????????????
??????3???????-u???????????????/etc/dumpdates???level?????????????
????2??dump???????restore????
????restore -t [-f dumpfile] [-h] <==??????dump???
????restore -C [-f dumpfile] [-D ?????] <==???dump????????
????restore -i [-f dumpfile] <==????????
????restore -r [-f dumpfile]  <==????????????
????-t:?????????dump?????????????к??????????????
????-C:?????????dump????????ó???????????????????
????-i:???????????????????????????????dump???????
????-r:?????????????????????????????????????????
????-h:???????????????е?inode???????label?????
????-f:????????????????dump???
????-D:??-C???д?????????????????????dump???в???????
????3???й???д????
????????????????????? mkisofs [-o ???????] [-rv] [-m file] ?????????..[-V vol] -graft-point isodir=systemdir...
????-o:????????????????????????????
????-r:???Rock Ridge???????UNIX/LINUX?????????
????-v:???????ISO????????
????-m file:-m???????
????-V vol:???Volume
????-graft-point:graft??????????????
??????????????t??????????????????DVD????
????cdrecord -scanbus dev=ATA <==??????????λ??
????cdrecord -v dev=ATA:x??y??z blank=[fast|all]  <==????????д?
????cdrecord -v dev=ATA:x??y??z -format <==?????DVD+RW
????cdrecord -v dev=ATA:x??y??z [???ò???????] file.iso
????-scanbus:????????????????????????????????????豸?ATA???
????-v:??cdrecord???е???????????????
????dev=ATA:x??y??z:??????x??y??z????????????????λ?????????
????blank=[fast|all]:blank?????????д???CD/DVD-RW?????fast???all??????
????-format:?????DVD+RW????????DVD
????[???ò???????]?????д??CD/DVD????????????
????-data:???????????????????д????????CD????д??
????speed=X:?????????
????-eject:????????????????????
????fs=Ym:??????????洢???????????????????????????????4M?????????????8M
???????DVD??????????
????driveropts=burnfree:??Buffer Underrun Free????д????
????-sao :???DVD-RW????
????4??dd???????????????????????dd?????????????????????
????dd if="input file" of="output file" bs="block size" count="number"
????if:??input file
????of:??output file
????bs:?滮?????block???С???????????????512bytes
????count:?????bs?????
????5??cpio???????κζ?????cpio??????????find????????????????????????cpiof????????????????
????cpio -ovcB > [file|device] <==????
????cpio -ivcdu < [file|device] <==???
????cpio -ivct  <[file|device]  <==??
???????????????????
????-o:??????copy???????????豸??
????-B:??????Bloks??????????5120bytes???????512beytes
??????????????????
????-i:??????????????豸??????????
????-d:????????
????-u:????????μ??????????????
????-t:??????-i?????????????????cpio???????????豸??????
?????Щ??????????
????-v:??洢??????????????????????????
????-c:?????μ?portable format????洢