??????????????????????????????????????BIOS(Basic Input/Output System)??????????洢???????????????????Щ???????????????????(???????????????????????????)??????????BIOS??????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????洢?豸?ж???????512 bytes(?????????????512 bytes???????????????????)????512 bytes?????????????MBR (master boot record)??MBR???????????豸??????????(partition)????????????????(boot loader)??Boot loader????????????(OS)????????????????????????????????? (kernel)????λ?????????boot loader??GRUB??LILO??
???????boot loader????????????kernel??kernel?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????κβ?????????kernel??????????Windows??Linux?????????kernel???????????????kernel????????????????kernel???kernel?????????á?
??????Linus Torvalds???????Linux????????????Linux kernel??????????????Linux kernel????????????????Ubuntu?? Red Hat?? ???????????????kernel????????????????ú???湹??????????????????????汾??)
????????????????????????????boot loader?????boot loader???????????????????MBR????????????????????boot loader??????????????????
????С??BIOS -> MBR -> boot loader -> kernel
????kernel
?????????????????Linux kernel??Linux kernel?????????kernel????????????????????????????????????????(driver)??????????????????????????????????????Щ??????á????kernel????????init?????????Linux???е?1?????(Linux?????0?????)???????kernel????????????????ε???????????init???????
????С??: kernel -> init process
????init process
????(????boot loader?????Linux???????????????(single user mode)????????￡???????????п????У?????????????????????????????)?????init?????????е??????(startup scripts)????Щ?????Linux?г?????shell scripts????Щ?????????1????
???????ü???????????????????????????????????????????????????……????Щ??????????????????????????????????????????????????init????????(login)?????????????λ????????檔
?????????????(?????vamei)??????DONE??
?????????????У????????(user)vamei????????????????????????????????趨??Linux??????鵽?????(group)?У??????????stupid?飬??????vamei?顣???????????vamei?? ????vamei????????(?????vamei?????vamei??????????????????????Dell?? ??????Dell????????????????????????????vamei?????stupid??????)
???????
????BIOS -> MBR -> boot loader -> kernel -> init process -> login