????Linux????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ж????????????????楨CPU?????……????????????Linux???У????е????в???????????????/proc?У????仰????????????????????????????????????????????????????漰????????????????????/proc???е???????????????Щ????????????????????????????Щ???????????????

????????

    ????????

uptime  ----   ???????????  dmesg  ---- ???/?????  top  -----  ?????????
iostat  --------  CPU?????????????  vmstat --------- ????????  sar  --------- ????????????  KDE System Guard --- ??μ?????  free  ---------------????????
traffic-vis ------------??????????SUSE?У?  pmap  ------------- ????????????  strace   --------- ????????????  ulimit  ---------????????????  mpstat  -------------???????????

????1??uptime

????uptime?????????????????????????????ж??????????????????????????????????

????uptime??????????????????load average????????1??5??15????????????????????????CPU???????????????CPU??????????Щ?????load average????????????????? load average??????1??????????????????????????????CPU cycles????????????CPU???????1????2?????????????????·CPU???????load average???????8??10???

????????????uptime???????ж?????????????磬????????????????????????uptime??????????????????????????????????????????緽??????? ??????uptime???????????

????9:24am  up  19:06??  1 user??  load average: 0.00?? 0.00?? 0.00

??????????/proc/loadavg??/proc/uptime???????????????/proc?е?????????cat?????????????磺

????liyawei:~ # cat /proc/loadavg 0.00 0.00 0.00 1/55 5505

????2??dmesg

????dmesg?????????????????????????dmesg??????Ч???????????????????????????????

???????????dmesg???????????????????????Щ???????????????????????????

??????????????????????????/bin/dmesg?????????ü???? dmesg?????????

ReiserFS: hda6: checking transaction log (hda6) ReiserFS: hda6: Using r5 hash to sort names
Adding 1044184k swap on /dev/hda5. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:1044184k parport_pc: VIA 686A/8231 detected
parport_pc: probing current configuration parport_pc: Current parallel port base: 0x378
parport0: PC-style at 0x378 (0x778)?? irq 7?? using FIFO [PCSPP??TRISTATE??COMPAT??ECP] parport_pc: VIA parallel port: io=0x378?? irq=7 lp0: using parport0 (interrupt-driven).
e100: Intel(R) PRO/100 Network Driver?? 3.5.10-k2-NAPI e100: Copyright(c) 1999-2005 Intel Corporation
ACPI: PCI Interrupt 0000:00:0d.0[A] -> GSI 17 (level?? low) -> IRQ 169
e100: eth0: e100_probe: addr 0xd8042000?? irq 169?? MAC addr 00:02:55:1E:35:91 usbcore: registered new driver usbfs usbcore: registered new driver hub
hdc: ATAPI 48X CD-ROM drive?? 128kB Cache?? UDMA(33) Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20
USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver v2.3 3??top

????top???????????????????????????￡???????CPU??????????????5?????????????

????Process priority???????????CPU???????????LIUNX??????????????????????С??nice value??????priority??priority??????????nice value??nice value??????????????????????????????Process priority???????????????????nice level?????????Process priority?????????????????????????????á??????????????????????????????????nice level??y??????????CPU??

????Linux ???? nice levels ??19 (???????)??-20 (???????)??????0?? ???/bin/ps???????????????????????