????12??ulimit

????ulimit??????bash shell?У?????????shell????????????????

liyawei:~ # ulimit -a
core file size          (blocks?? -c) 0
data seg size           (kbytes?? -d) unlimited file size               (blocks?? -f) unlimited pending signals                 (-i) 6143 max locked memory       (kbytes?? -l) 32
max memory size         (kbytes?? -m) unlimited open files                      (-n) 1024 pipe size            (512 bytes?? -p) 8
POSIX message queues     (bytes?? -q) 819200 stack size              (kbytes?? -s) 8192
cpu time               (seconds?? -t) unlimited max user processes              (-u) 6143
virtual memory          (kbytes?? -v) unlimited
file locks                      (-x) unlimited

????-H??-S?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????ulimit -Hn 4096 ???????????????????????????ulimit -Sn 1024 ??????????????????? ulimit -Hn ulimit -Sn

????????????Oracle???. ??/etc/security/limits.conf??????????: soft nofile 4096 hard nofile 10240

????????Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS????????/etc/pam.d/system-auth?????????? session required /lib/security/$ISA/pam_limits.so

????????SUSE LINUX Enterprise Server????????/etc/pam.d/login ??/etc/pam.d/sshd?????????У?

????session required pam_limits.so ????????Щ??????Ч??

????13??mpstat mpstat??Sysstat?????????????????????http://perso.wanadoo.fr/sebastien.godard/

????mpstat????????·CPU?????????CPU????????????????????CPU????? ???磬?±??????????2??????δ????????????????3?? mpstat 2 3

liyawei:~ # mpstat 2 3
Linux 2.6.16.21-0.8-default (liyawei) 05/31/07
10:23:03 CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s
10:23:05 all 0.50 0.00 0.00 1.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 97.51 271.64
10:23:07 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 261.00
10:23:09 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 261.50
Average: all 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.17 264.73

???????????????1???????ζ?·CPU?????????????????????3??

mpstat -P ALL 1 3
liyawei:~ # mpstat -P ALL 1 10
Linux 2.6.16.21-0.8-default (liyawei) 05/31/07
10:23:31 CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s
10:23:32 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 273.00